The former player: 'I really hoped to continue my rugby career'
Important note: This piece contains details of discriminatory comments and conduct
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell claims that speaking out to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union led his career to an premature end.
In a June 2022, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the game, displaying digital communications and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with guest team the Barbarians.
"I've have definitely had to retire because of what happened," he explained to media outlets.
"I hoped to continue playing, naturally I did. I pursued that, and it fell through when news came out that there were inquiries underway.
"That was difficult - I had to just come to terms with the outcome and understand that this whole situation is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's claims were accurate "likely correct", but stated it could not gather sufficient proof to categorically say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's Six Nations games in 2014-15, but was surprisingly overlooked for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told media he also encountered prejudice within the England team environment, during a Test career that saw him earn 15 caps after his debut in February 2014.
"I have had multiple distressing experiences within England camp," he stated.
"Certain instances of discrimination and some just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become normalised in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"It's something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the problem that I've myself suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a period of time you just begin to think that it's the standard and that is acceptable and that it's not harmful, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was finally motivated to speak out after a fellow player at Newcastle referred to him as a "enslaved person" and instructed him to put sun cream on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The governing body said Burrell's revelations had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the elite game and to the implementation of an action plan for the elite level."
"The organization has given considerable attention on inclusion and inclusion in rugby union and a great deal of work undertaken both before and since Luther Burrell came forward and shared his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it continued.
"We are continuing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to strive for a environment of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
All Premiership and PWR club now has face-to-face education on building welcoming environments, with its effectiveness tracked via specific documentation and surveys.
All England players, including youth squads, are educated in being "active bystanders" to step in and defend others from harmful conduct.
"You should be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary about his experiences.
"We know it has had this impact on you and finished your playing days, but in our view, you have achieved so much. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away soon after the production of the film, and his sibling died recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in his hometown, maintains his work to make the game more open.
His charitable organization aims to connect with children in disadvantaged communities and support them thrive on and off the field with complimentary sports coaching, guidance and nutrition education.
"My personal intentions are pure, I want to see the evolution of the game and if nobody else is willing to tell their story then I'll continue to advocate for that fight because I'm not just pursuing this for myself," he said.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more comfortable fellow players will feel about discussing their own experiences as well.
"I need to take the challenge by the opportunity and continue carrying this banner and keep carrying this weight and accomplish what I can to create possibilities and make the sport more attractive and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely believe that the sport has the potential to transform their lives, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in late 2022